By: All Business Schools Staff

Updated: January 13, 2026

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What Does an Actuary Do?

woman actuary assesses risk on client file

Actuaries are at the heart of the insurance industry. Experts in statistics, business and finance, actuaries use their knowledge to assess risk in order to formulate policies and minimize costs of risk for the insurance industry.

Data is the essence of the job of an actuary, as they gather, assemble and analyze information to estimate the probability and likely costs of events such as death, sickness, injury, disability or loss of property.

Those choosing an actuary career use data in such areas as pension and other retirement asset management; home, automobile and other areas of the insurance industry. Their expertise is essential in helping insurance companies design coverage plans, and in helping a wide spectrum of companies decide how they should invest their assets in order to maximize returns and minimize risks to those investments.

Median Annual Actuary Salary

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics says actuaries are well-paid, especially in the legal, finance and securities and insurance industries. Here are median annual salaries for actuaries by state and percentiles from the 2023 Occupational Employment Statistics.

Actuaries

National data

Median Salary: $125,770

Projected job growth: 21.8%

10th Percentile: $75,240

25th Percentile: $90,970

75th Percentile: $164,860

90th Percentile: $206,430

Projected job growth: 21.8%

State data

State Median Salary Bottom 10% Top 10%
Alabama $143,230 $80,280 $143,230
Arizona $124,000 $80,350 $166,790
California $124,240 $80,960 $212,960
Colorado $131,940 $77,960 $196,890
Connecticut $148,220 $91,770 $213,050
District of Columbia $153,340 $90,590 $191,880
Florida $123,220 $73,020 $206,410
Hawaii $107,690 $43,680 $163,240
Idaho $109,990 $64,990 $155,420
Illinois $121,960 $55,010 $190,510
Indiana $97,640 $70,450 $139,990
Iowa $129,870 $79,140 $184,040
Kansas $125,690 $73,800 $201,340
Kentucky $120,580 $84,710 $214,190
Louisiana $82,930 $62,960 $182,110
Maine $132,970 $70,810 $174,020
Maryland $132,740 $78,800 $191,880
Massachusetts $122,230 $81,420 $177,850
Michigan $105,750 $63,320 $169,350
Minnesota $109,190 $80,230 $182,130
Mississippi $97,210 $63,580 $234,300
Missouri $118,940 $74,640 $191,460
Nebraska $100,270 $60,380 $157,460
Nevada $132,470 $89,840 $160,490
New Jersey $137,330 $80,810 $216,050
New York $133,730 $77,320 N/A
North Carolina $129,850 $78,740 $205,160
Ohio $115,550 $77,230 $172,950
Oklahoma $121,790 $52,520 $152,670
Oregon $129,340 $80,410 $205,330
Pennsylvania $107,530 $69,530 $214,320
Rhode Island $108,890 $75,750 $180,900
South Carolina $100,710 $66,500 $190,230
South Dakota N/A N/A N/A
Tennessee $118,020 $70,870 $186,850
Texas $100,260 $59,300 $177,050
Utah $128,860 $57,970 $188,710
Virginia $135,880 $88,050 N/A
Washington $153,260 $94,170 $206,780
Wisconsin $122,140 $77,990 $199,500

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 2024 median salary; projected job growth through 2034. Actual salaries vary depending on location, level of education, years of experience, work environment, and other factors. Salaries may differ even more for those who are self-employed or work part time.

What Does an Actuary Do?

Although 60% of actuaries work in the insurance industry, some work in these environments:

  • Financial or accounting institutions
  • Corporations managing financial asset investments
  • The government, managing the Medicare, Medicaid and other insurance programs
  • As consultants, who may work on a contract basis in any of these fields

Actuary Career Path

Entry Level

Types of Roles


  • Actuary, data analyst, life or health insurance underwriter

Getting There


  • Bachelor's degree in mathematics, statistics or actuarial science, or a business-related field such as finance, economics or business, a strong background in mathematics; passing a series of professional examinations
  • Technology skills and experience (specifically in Microsoft Excel and PowerPoint)

Description


  • Marketing, underwriting, financial reporting and product development.

Mid Level

Types of Roles


  • Pension fund manager, executive employee benefits officer, credit manager, insurance product manager

Getting There


  • All entry-level requirements
  • An MBA with a focus in finance or insurance
  • Completion the Associate or ACAS (Casualty Actuarial Society) level exam
  • Strong industry relationships and knowledge

Description


  • Manage data and analysis staff and projects
  • Develop policy and practices for insurance companies and businesses

Senior Level

Types of Roles


  • Chief risk officer, chief financial officer

Getting There


  • Create and manage a corporate structure
  • Develop long-term plans for insurance companies, business and other financial institutions
  • Ensure and monitor federal compliance for clients
  • Strong industry relationships and knowledge

Description


  • Create and manage a corporate structure
  • Develop long-term plans for insurance companies, business and other financial institutions
  • Ensure and monitor federal compliance for clients
  • Lead teams of people and consultants